Headings, paragraphs, and lists

Show me: content has its own tags

HTML has a dedicated tag for every kind of content. Here are the ones you’ll use most:

<h1>Main heading – only once per page</h1>
<h2>A chapter heading</h2>
<h3>A smaller heading inside a chapter</h3>

<p>An ordinary paragraph of text.</p>
<p>Another paragraph. Every paragraph gets its own <p> tag.</p>

<p>You can <strong>make words bold</strong> or <em>italic</em>.</p>

Headings go from <h1> (biggest) down to <h6> (smallest). It works like a notebook: <h1> is the title on the cover, <h2>s are the chapters, <h3>s are the sub-chapters.

Lists

<!-- A bulleted list (ul = unordered list) -->
<ul>
  <li>first thing</li>
  <li>second thing</li>
</ul>

<!-- A numbered list (ol = ordered list) -->
<ol>
  <li>step one</li>
  <li>step two</li>
</ol>

Every list item is an <li>, and they’re all wrapped in either <ul> (bullets) or <ol> (numbers).

💡

That odd-looking line <!— text —> is a comment – a note just for you, the browser ignores it. Programmers leave themselves messages like this in code.

Your turn 💪

Fill your homepage with content. It should have:

One <h1> (you already have this one),
at least two chapters with an <h2> heading and a paragraph of text,
at least one list (<ul> or <ol>),
something bold using <strong>.

Ideas and solutions for your project:

🏫 School website – ideas and solution

Chapters could be: About Our School, What’s Happening, and a list of clubs.

<h1>Riverside Elementary School</h1>
<p>Welcome to our school's website.</p>

<h2>About Our School</h2>
<p>Our school has stood in Riverside for <strong>120 years</strong>. We have
350 students, a big gym, and a brand-new computer lab.</p>

<h2>Clubs</h2>
<ul>
  <li>floorball</li>
  <li>ceramics</li>
  <li>coding</li>
  <li>choir</li>
</ul>

<h2>Coming Up</h2>
<ol>
  <li>outdoor school (June)</li>
  <li>sports day</li>
  <li>winter fair</li>
</ol>

🙋 Personal website – ideas and solution

Chapters could be: What I Like, What I Can Do, a list of favorite games or books.

<h1>Hi, I'm Jake</h1>
<p>I'm 10 years old and this is my website.</p>

<h2>What I Like</h2>
<p>More than anything, I love <strong>soccer</strong> – I play for the youth team.
At home I build worlds in Minecraft and I'm learning to code.</p>

<h2>My Top Games</h2>
<ol>
  <li>Minecraft</li>
  <li>Mario Kart</li>
  <li>Rocket League</li>
</ol>

<h2>What I Can Do</h2>
<ul>
  <li>juggle a soccer ball</li>
  <li>make pancakes</li>
  <li>build a website (right now!)</li>
</ul>

🌍 Travel journal – ideas and solution

Chapters could be: Last Trip, Where We’re Headed, a list of countries you’ve visited.

<h1>Where We've Been 🌍</h1>
<p>A journal of our trips and adventures.</p>

<h2>Last Trip: The Mountains</h2>
<p>Over the summer we hiked <strong>the whole ridge</strong>. Three days of
walking, one wrong turn, and a hundred wild berries.</p>

<h2>Countries I've Visited</h2>
<ul>
  <li>United States</li>
  <li>Canada</li>
  <li>Mexico</li>
  <li>Italy</li>
</ul>

<h2>Next Year's Plan</h2>
<ol>
  <li>camping by the lake</li>
  <li>mountains out west</li>
  <li>the beach in Greece</li>
</ol>

⚽ Club website – ideas and solution

Chapters could be: About the Club, Recent Results, a roster as a list.

<h1>Riverside Eagles FC</h1>
<p>The official website of our soccer club.</p>

<h2>About the Club</h2>
<p>We play in the district youth league. We train
<strong>Tuesdays and Thursdays at 5:00 PM</strong> on the field behind the school.</p>

<h2>Recent Results</h2>
<ol>
  <li>Eagles – Hawks 3 : 1</li>
  <li>Falcons – Eagles 2 : 2</li>
  <li>Eagles – Wildcats 4 : 0</li>
</ol>

<h2>Roster</h2>
<ul>
  <li>Jake – goalkeeper</li>
  <li>Matt – defense</li>
  <li>Owen – midfield</li>
  <li>Tom – forward</li>
</ul>

✅

Check yourself: The page has a big heading, smaller chapter headings, paragraphs, and at least one bulleted or numbered list. It looks like a real (if still undressed) website.

What to take away from this lesson

Headings <h1>–<h6> organize a page like chapters in a book.
Text goes in <p> paragraphs; highlight it with <strong> and <em>.
Lists: <ul> for bullets, <ol> for numbers, items always in <li>.